Foi tendo aula com Jeffrey Sachs que ouvi falar no Fundo Mundial, onde atualmente trabalho com Innovative Financing. Esta semana ocorre a semana dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio na sede da ONU em Nova York. Sachs publicou um artigo hoje no Financial Times defendendo novos mecanismos coordenados de doações internacionais para promover desenvolvimento e reduzir a pobreza. O Fundo Mundial é a referência.
Alguns trechos do artigo:
The most exciting example [aid] is the Global Fund to Fight Aids, TB and Malaria. The fund pools resources from many donor nations, with an independent review board approving national programmes according to scientific and management criteria rather than bilateral politics. The fund thereby provides aid in a scaled, systematic and predictable way. And while a decade ago all three diseases were running out of control, now all are being reined in with millions of lives saved.
Of course the fund is not perfect, but the programmes it supports are transparent and easily monitored – meaning that when corruption occurs, as it sometimes will, a programme can be halted and the malefactors removed. The fund’s design is a profound improvement over traditional donor aid. But it and efforts like it are chronically underfunded, largely because the US and European donor countries keep too much of their aid budgets in bilateral programmes. Responding to the shortcomings of traditional aid, donors are making small reforms, like co-operating among themselves in committees in many recipient countries. But the process remains too slow, too political and too often swayed by donor’s concerns for commercial contracts, arms deals and diplomatic issues only tangentially related to development.
We need a major change of funding toward pooled donor funding. Bilateral aid would remain, but mainly to promote demonstration efforts and innovations. The core of assistance would use pooled mechanisms to scale up what has been proven to work, avoiding fragmentation and poor accountability. Indeed, there are moves in this direction: a new maternal and child health initiative to be agreed this week saw African leaders specifically request that the support should come through the Global Fund. Similarly, infrastructure funding could be scaled up through new public-private financing pools for roads, rail and power, via the World Bank and African Development Bank.
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